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The Broken Years tells the forgotten story of Russia's disabled ex-servicemen through three wars and three revolutions: the Russo-Japanese War, the Russian Civil War and the First World War. Using extensive archival material from national, regional and town archives, Alexandre Sumpf explores the treatment of these veterans by the state, their battle for legal status and their right to both collective and individual health care. He shows how the question of disabled veterans became bound up in broader political and social debates in the early 20th century and fostered healthcare and social welfare policy. The experience of these 1.14 million war veterans reconfigured notions of heroism, sacrifice and patriotism while the period of 1915-1919 was marked by extensive political activism by disabled veterans. Dr Sumpf illustrates how the Bolsheviks condemned disabled veterans as the symbol of the "imperialist war" and brutally negated their rights as part of the broader devaluation of the war experience in early Soviet Russia.

Disabled veterans --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 --- Social conditions --- Veterans. --- Social conditions. --- Soviet Union --- Russia --- History --- Disabled sailors --- Disabled soldiers --- Service-disabled veterans --- Veterans, Disabled --- People with disabilities --- Veterans --- Japanese-Russian War, 1904-1905 --- Eastern question (Far East) --- European War, 1914-1918 --- First World War, 1914-1918 --- Great War, 1914-1918 --- World War 1, 1914-1918 --- World War I, 1914-1918 --- World War One, 1914-1918 --- WW I (World War, 1914-1918) --- WWI (World War, 1914-1918) --- History, Modern --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Disabled veterans. --- Social conflict. --- Class conflict --- Class struggle --- Conflict, Social --- Social tensions --- Interpersonal conflict --- Social psychology --- Sociology

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In Euromissiles, Susan Colbourn tells the story of the height of nuclear crisis and the remarkable waning of the fear that gripped the globe. In the Cold War conflict that pitted nuclear superpowers against one another, Europe was the principal battleground. Washington and Moscow had troops on the ground and missiles in the fields of their respective allies, the NATO nations and the states of the Warsaw Pact. Euromissiles--intermediate-range nuclear weapons to be used exclusively in the regional theater of war--highlighted how the peoples of Europe were dangerously placed between hammer and anvil. That made European leaders uncomfortable and pushed fearful masses into the streets demanding peace in their time. At the center of the story is NATO. Colbourn highlights the weakness of the alliance seen by many as the most effective bulwark against Soviet aggression. Divided among themselves and uncertain about the depth of US support, the member states were riven by the missile issue. This strategic crisis was, as much as any summit meeting between US president Ronald Reagan and Soviet general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, the hinge on which the Cold War turned. Euromissiles is a history of diplomacy and alliances, social movements and strategy, nuclear weapons and nagging fears, and politics. To tell that history, Colbourn takes a long view of the strategic crisis--from the emerging dilemmas of allied defense in the early 1950s through the aftermath of the INF Treaty thirty-five years later. The result is a dramatic and sweeping tale that changes the way we think about the Cold War and its culmination.

Nuclear weapons --- Arms race --- Intermediate-range ballistic missiles --- Cruise missiles --- Cold War. --- History --- North Atlantic Treaty Organization --- Europe --- Soviet Union --- United States --- Foreign relations --- International relations. Foreign policy --- Polemology --- NATO --- anno 1970-1979 --- anno 1980-1989 --- World politics --- Missiles, Cruise --- Guided missiles --- IRBM --- Ballistic missiles --- Arms proliferation --- Proliferation of arms --- Security, International --- Arms control --- Arms transfers --- Disarmament --- Military readiness --- Atomic weapons --- Fusion weapons --- Thermonuclear weapons --- Weapons of mass destruction --- No first use (Nuclear strategy) --- Nuclear arms control --- Nuclear disarmament --- Nuclear warfare --- North Atlantic treaty organisation --- NAVO --- OTAN --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- NUCLEAR WEAPONS--HISTORY --- ARMS RACE--EUROPE--HISTORY --- CRUISE MISSILES--EUROPE--HISTORY --- COLD WAR --- EUROPE--FOREIGN RELATIONS--USSR --- INTERMEDIATE--RANGE BALLISTIC MISSILES --- NUCLEAR WEAPONS --- HISTORY --- 1900-1999

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The years of 1949-1956 could be described as the gloomiest in modern Hungarian history, as the country's population lived under vicious totalitarian leadership. Eventually, the regime began to disintegrate, leading to the 1956 Hungarian Revolution - a critical moment in the history of the Cold War. But why did this revolution occur in Hungary, rather than any other countries in the Soviet bloc? Before the Uprising examines the specific social, economic, political, and intellectual characteristics of a totalitarian country. Throughout the volume, Peter Kenez questions what the necessary components of totalitarianism are: whether it is a complete state control of the economy, a personality cult of the leader, or a specific type of propaganda organization. By describing the totalitarianism of the past, this volume show what we can learn for the present, and what to expect from the emerging autocracies of the future.

Communism --- Communist leadership --- History --- Rákosi, Mátyás, --- Hungary --- Soviet Union --- Causes. --- Politics and government --- Relations --- Communism and leadership --- Leadership --- Bolshevism --- Communist movements --- Leninism --- Maoism --- Marxism --- Trotskyism --- Collectivism --- Totalitarianism --- Post-communism --- Socialism --- Village communities --- Rosenfeld, Mátyás, --- Советский Союз --- Ber. ha-M. --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Radzieckich --- ZSRR --- Związek Socjalistycznych Republik Sowieckich --- ZSRS --- Szovjetunió --- TSRS --- Tarybų Socialistinių Respublikų Sąjunga --- SRSR --- Soi︠u︡z Radi︠a︡nsʹkykh Sot︠s︡ialistychnykh Respublik --- SSSR --- Soi︠u︡z Sovetskikh Sot︠s︡ialisticheskikh Respublik --- UdSSR --- Shūravī --- Ittiḥād-i Jamāhīr-i Ishtirākīyah-i Shūrāʼīyah --- Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) --- Sovetskiy Soyuz --- Soyuz SSR --- Sovetskiĭ Soi︠u︡z --- Soi︠u︡z SSR --- Uni Sovjet --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- SSṚM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Ṛespublikaneri Miutʻyun --- SSHM --- Sovetakan Sotsʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyunneri Miutʻyun --- URSS --- Unión de Repúblicas Socialistas Soviéticas --- Berit ha-Moʻatsot --- Rusyah --- Ittiḥād al-Sūfiyītī --- Rusiyah --- Rusland --- Soṿet-Rusland --- Uni Soviet --- Union soviétique --- Zȯvlȯlt Kholboot Uls --- Związek Radziecki --- ESSD --- Sahaphāp Sōwīat --- KhSHM --- SSR Kavširi --- Russland --- SNTL --- PSRS --- Su-lien --- Sobhieṭ Ẏuniẏana --- FSSR --- Unione Sovietica --- Ittiḥād-i Shūravī --- Soviyat Yūniyan --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Dēmokratia tēs Oungarias --- Gweriniaeth Hwngari --- Hanekeria --- Hangarī --- Hongaarse Republiek --- Hongaria --- Hongarije --- Hongarye --- Hŏnggari --- Hongria --- Hongrie --- Honharije --- Hunakalia --- Hungara Respubliko --- Hungari --- Hungaria --- Hungariako Errepublika --- Hungarian Republic --- Hungariar Errepublika --- Hungario --- Hungarujo --- Hungaryah --- Hungría --- Hungrii --- Hwngari --- Jamhuri ya Hungaria --- Lepulika o Hungary --- Lýðveldið Ungverjaland --- Macaristan --- Macaristan Cumhuriyeti --- Macarıstan Respublikası --- Mađarska --- Mad̕arská republika --- Maďarsko --- Madi︠a︡rshchyna --- Madjaristan --- Madžarska --- Madźary --- Madzhar --- Madzhar Respublika --- Magyar Köztársaság (Republic) --- Magyar Népköztársaság --- Magyar Republic --- Magyar Tanácsköztársaság --- Magyarország (Republic) --- Majarstan Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Majoriston --- Mazharstan --- Mazharstan Respublikasy --- Ohorsʹka Respublika --- Ongaria --- Ongiri --- Ongria --- Oonguri --- Oungaria --- Oгорська Республіка --- Pobblaght ny h-Ungaar --- Poblacht na hUngáire --- Republic of Hungary --- República da Hungria --- República de Hungría --- República d'Hongria --- Republica d'Ongria --- Republica Ungară --- Republica Ungaria --- Republica Ungrese --- Republiek van Hongarye --- Republik bu Oonguri --- Republik Hongaria --- Republik Ungarn --- Republika e Hungarisë --- Republika Mađarska --- Republika Madžarska --- Republika ng Unggarya --- Republika Ungarija --- Republika Węgierska --- Republikang Unggaro --- Republiken Ungern --- Republikken Ungarn --- République de Hongrie --- Repúvlika de Madjaristan --- Respublica Hungarica --- Tjóðveldið Ungarn --- Tlācatlahtohcāyōtl Hungria --- Uhorshchyna --- Uhorsʹka Respublika --- Ungaar --- Ungaïa --- Ungáir --- Ungar --- Ungari --- Ungari Vabariik --- Ungaria --- Ungarii︠a︡ --- Ungārija --- Ungārijas Republika --- Ungarn --- Ungarskata republika --- Ungerija --- Ungern --- Unggarya --- Unggriya --- Ungheria --- Unghirìa --- Ungri --- Ungverjaland --- Unkari --- Unkarin tasavalta --- V.N.R. --- Vengerskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Vengerskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Vengrėjė --- Vengrėjės Respoblėka --- Vengrii︠a︡ --- Vengrii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Vengrija --- Vengrijos respublika --- Vengriya --- Vengriya Respublikasi --- Venhryi︠a︡ --- VNR --- Węgry --- Xiongyali --- Xiongyali gong he guo --- Xiongyali Gongheguo --- Ουγγαρία --- Δημοκρατία της Ουγγαρίας --- Република Унгарија --- Република Мађарска --- Унгар --- Унгарската република --- Унгария --- Унгарија --- Угорська Республіка --- Угорщина --- Мажарстан --- Мажарстан Республикасы --- Мађарска --- Мадярщина --- Маджар --- Маджар Республика --- Венгрыя --- Венгрия --- Венгрия Республикасы --- Венгерская Республика --- אונגארן --- רפובליקא דא מאגיאדיסטאן --- מאגיאדיסטאן --- הונגריה --- ハンガリー --- 匈牙利 --- 匈牙利共和國 --- 헝가리 --- Austro-Hungarian Monarchy --- Communist leadership. --- History. --- BNUU --- БНУУ --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Ungar Uls